Is there a typical soil resistivity for Philadelphia?+
No citywide value can represent a parcel, substation, route, or facility. The Philadelphia region includes Piedmont soils, Coastal Plain sediments, river deposits, weathered rock, and generations of urban fill. Seasonal freezing and drying combine with dense underground infrastructure. Field measurements must be tied to the actual array, location, spacing, orientation, and current condition.
Does Wenner electrode spacing equal test depth?+
No. Larger spacing generally samples a larger earth volume, but spacing is not an exact one-to-one depth. Layering, array geometry, site boundaries, and conductive features affect the apparent response.
What information is needed to scope a Philadelphia survey?+
Send the site plan, survey objective, grounding or corrosion design request, proposed stations and spacings, final grading information, candidate line corridors, utility-clearance responsibility, access rules, schedule, and required report format.
Can Calicore mobilize outside California?+
Yes. Calicore performs project-based Wenner field programs throughout the United States when the station count, spacing, access, schedule, and mobilization are practical.
